Your instincts are quite correct. Looking in the advanced Google Books search for "such as" before 1900, I see a lot of "such as" to mean "those that" or "those who." E.g., Migratory Birds; or such as visit Britain at different seasons of the year. This author was also fond of the construction: The Flowers of History, Especially Such as Relate to the Affairs of Britain: A.D. 1066 to A.D. 1307By Matthew Paris ยท 1853 If you think of "such" as a pronoun (see https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/such) it makes more sense.
I think part of the problem is that the old-fashioned use is clashing with the modern one because in a sense both are appropriate here: you actually want "such as" (modern) AND "such as" (old-fashioned) at the same time. You can't actually put just "those that" in place of the "such as" and have it make sense, the way you can with my examples above. You'd need to say "such as those that." So I think the modern author knows both uses, but is conflating them in a way that doesn't quite work.
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I think part of the problem is that the old-fashioned use is clashing with the modern one because in a sense both are appropriate here: you actually want "such as" (modern) AND "such as" (old-fashioned) at the same time. You can't actually put just "those that" in place of the "such as" and have it make sense, the way you can with my examples above. You'd need to say "such as those that." So I think the modern author knows both uses, but is conflating them in a way that doesn't quite work.